Post by Casually Cruel on Apr 7, 2015 0:42:03 GMT
A wolf pack is made up of leaders and followers. The number of wolves consisting in a pack varies greatly. Generally packs contain a breeding pair and their offspring. Yet many packs include several adult wolves in breeding condition. The existence of social bonds within a wolf pack is evident from the fact that the members remain together in a pack. Formation of strong bonds between animals would most likely need both a psychological tendency for attachment within each individual and a long period of contact.
Wolves can occur wherever there is a sufficient number of large ungulates such as deer, moose, elk, caribou, bison, and musk ox. Wolves were once considered a wilderness animal, however if human interaction is kept below certain levels, wolves can live in most areas.
Wolf packs never have a den site until pups are born, once the pups are juveniles they move to the summer renovation site. When the litter reaches sexual maturity then they just travel around their territory hunting as a pack and marking their border. If a different wolf pack moves into the territory then they will be challenged, the pack who lost will leave and find a new/different territory.
Order in a wolf pack results from a well developed social system. This system establishes orderly relations among pack mates and provides the means in which activities of the entire pack can be governed.
A social "ladder" in which each member occupies a certain rank or position is called a "dominance order". There are two different orders within a wolf pack, the male and the female. If animal A, alphas in this case, is dominate to animal B, betas, and animal B is dominate to animal C, subordinates/omegas, then animal A is also dominate to animal C.
There can be no order within a pack without communication among members. A great deal of the communication among wolf pack members involves body language. Specialized behaviors and postures have evolved that help reduce aggression between individual animals within the pack. Body language helps the pack live together more agreeably.
Facial expressions are often used to express emotions. Wolves may indicate dominate behavior by baring teeth and pointing erect ears forward. Subordinate behavior may be indicated by closed mouths, slit-like eyes, and ears pulled back and held close to the head.
Wolves also use tail positions to communicate emotion. Wolves expressing threatening signs hold their tails high, almost perpendicular, while submissive wolves lower themselves before dominant pack members, tails tucked between their legs.
The sense of smell is very useful in maintaining territory. If the boundaries of a wolf pack are strong and freshly scent it lets dispersal wolves or neighboring packs know the where they can no cross. Both urinating and body rubbing are signs of scent marking.
Wolves can occur wherever there is a sufficient number of large ungulates such as deer, moose, elk, caribou, bison, and musk ox. Wolves were once considered a wilderness animal, however if human interaction is kept below certain levels, wolves can live in most areas.
Wolf packs never have a den site until pups are born, once the pups are juveniles they move to the summer renovation site. When the litter reaches sexual maturity then they just travel around their territory hunting as a pack and marking their border. If a different wolf pack moves into the territory then they will be challenged, the pack who lost will leave and find a new/different territory.
Order in a wolf pack results from a well developed social system. This system establishes orderly relations among pack mates and provides the means in which activities of the entire pack can be governed.
A social "ladder" in which each member occupies a certain rank or position is called a "dominance order". There are two different orders within a wolf pack, the male and the female. If animal A, alphas in this case, is dominate to animal B, betas, and animal B is dominate to animal C, subordinates/omegas, then animal A is also dominate to animal C.
There can be no order within a pack without communication among members. A great deal of the communication among wolf pack members involves body language. Specialized behaviors and postures have evolved that help reduce aggression between individual animals within the pack. Body language helps the pack live together more agreeably.
Facial expressions are often used to express emotions. Wolves may indicate dominate behavior by baring teeth and pointing erect ears forward. Subordinate behavior may be indicated by closed mouths, slit-like eyes, and ears pulled back and held close to the head.
Wolves also use tail positions to communicate emotion. Wolves expressing threatening signs hold their tails high, almost perpendicular, while submissive wolves lower themselves before dominant pack members, tails tucked between their legs.
The sense of smell is very useful in maintaining territory. If the boundaries of a wolf pack are strong and freshly scent it lets dispersal wolves or neighboring packs know the where they can no cross. Both urinating and body rubbing are signs of scent marking.